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تعبير انجليزي ثالث ثانوي الفصل الثاني

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الثالث ثانوي– الترم الثاني

      ولاية      اكبر               الأقدم                                                 تأسست                 جامعة     إنديانا

Indiana University was founded in 1820 and is one of the oldest and largest state-

مشهورة بـ                      عالميا                الولايات المتحدة                                   تحت الرعاية

sponsored universities in the United States. It is internationally known for the

اكاديمي                                                            برامج                        تنوع                 تميز   

excellence and variety of its programmes. The University has over 100 academic

كثير              أعضاء       تشمل                                   كلية      وقت كامل                 أقسام

departments and a full-time faculty of over 1,500, including members of many

مركز الابداع                         الثقافي                                           تقع في             جمعيات  

academic societies. It is located in Bloomington, the cultural and recreational centre

آمن     ديناميكي                                                                                       جنوبي

of southern Indiana in the Midwestern US. Bloomington, a dynamic, safe and

يشمل                   السكان                             عدد                                     غنية                   ثقافيا

culturally-sophisticated town, has a population of 65,000 inhabitants (not including

بحيرات    جميلة         اراضي الغابات    الخضراء   تلال       محاط بـ       

university students). It is surrounded by hills, green woodlands and lovely lakes.

IEPتزيد                        برنامج                     مكثف                                                   هدف 

The goal of the Indiana University Intensive English Program (IEP) is to increase the

للدراسة         مطلوبة   مستوى                                           لغة ثانية              مهارات

English language skills of non-native English speakers to the level needed for study

يصل               الطلاب        يشجع                                                           الجامعة      الكلية

at a college or university in the United States. We encourage students to reach this

تدرّس          مؤهل                                                   بقدر الامكان    بسرعة

goal as quickly as possible. Teachers in the IEP are qualified to teach English as a

في الخارج                                              تدرّس                        لغة ثانية

second language and have taught in the United States and abroad.

Requirements for Admission

الثانوية           على الأقل     يحصل على                                                   متقدم

All students admitted to the programme must have earned at least a high school

معيشتهم      يدفعون مقابل    يستطيع        الرعاة                                           

diploma and must show that they or their sponsors are able to pay for their living

مواد             تطبيقية                                                   بينما       مصروفات    نفقات

expenses and tuition while in the United States. Our application materials will tell you how much money is needed for each session.ترم دراسي

Curriculumالمناهج ساعة                                                                                      

There are seven levels in the IEP. All levels meet for 20-24 classroom hours each

الحرم الجامعي    ايضا                مواد    مرئية مسموعة                       من خلال

week. Levels One through Five use audio-visual materials, as well as campus

الاستماع          يركز على     مستويات                 مصادر       المعمل         اللغوي         

computer and language laboratory resources. These levels concentrate on listening, speaking, writing and grammar.

تركز على             حصص    كتابة              قراءة        اكاديمية         متوسط

Level Six is a high intermediate academic reading and writing class, which focuses

تبدا        مستعد لـ            الطلاب                                           اكمال                                   أساسا

mainly on writing. After completing Level Six, most students are ready to begin

اضافي                  مع ذلك                                     كلية

academic work at a college or university. However,some additional English may be

البيئة                                  يتكيف مع                       يوصى بـ

recommended to helpthem adjust to their new environment.

يعطيهم                 نص       معتمدة            تحليل                       يركزون على

In Level Seven students focus on written analysis of authentic texts. This gives them

الجامعات                                      مطلوبة                             نوع              فكرة واضحة

a clear idea of the kind of work which is required by American universities. At levels

نحو         متطور                                               من  يختاروا من

Six and Seven, students also select from a variety of courses in advanced grammar,

الادب                الاتصال            مهارات                    الاقتصاد          النطق                  المتقدم  

advanced pronunciation, business, computer skills, communication, literature, test

اهتمامات           احتياجات   معينة                              الشبكة العنكبوتية                                اعداد

preparation and the World Wide Web to meet their particular needs andInterests

College and University Placementالتسجيل التدريب         يلتحق بـ    

Graduates of the Center for English Language Training have gone on to pursue

               حتى                التعليم        الاقتصاد        الكيمياء                  الفيزياء     مناطق                      مهن

careers in such areas as physics, art, chemistry, business, education and even

مؤهل                   ارشاد                                        لغة          اجنبية                               تدريس

teaching English as a foreign language. We offer careers guidance to qualified

الكليات    الاخرى                                                      اما    يتقدم الى   يريد

students who want to apply either to Indiana University or to other colleges or

مكثف                       مع ذلك        التقدم لـ                        

universities in the United States. Admission, however, to the Intensive English

                           البرامج         الاكاديمية     محددة              التقدم             لا تضمن  

Program does not guarantee admission to specific academic programmes at Indiana University.

Housingالمسكن متزوج كلا من لـ متاح اسكان متنوع

There is a wide variety of housing available in Bloomington for both married and

          بيوت الطلاب                           خلال        يرتب              السكن                                             أعزب

single students: on-campus housing is arranged through the IU Halls of Residence.

سكن          جامعي                                       استمارة  تقدم                   تتسلم

After receiving your application form, we will send you a campus housing

فصول            بعيدا عن   المشي                               شقق                                 تقدم

application. Campus apartments are all within walking distance of classes and are on

قرب        توجد            شقق                          منفصلة            طرق

the University bus routes. Many off-campus apartments are located near campus

الوصول            بعد        ترتب                     اسكان                              طرق                    قرب

or near city bus routes. Off-campus housing is best arranged after your arrival in

مصنفة        الكترونية               تصفح              نبدأ         

Bloomington, but you can begin by browsing the electronic classified ads in

the Bloomington Herald Times.

Extracurricular Activitiesانشطة ابداعية    متعددة

Bloomington and Indiana University offer a large variety of recreational activities

ركوب القوارب   السباحة      كرة القدم        تبدأ بـ               على مدار العام                        احداث اجتماعية

and social events going on all year round. To begin with, soccer, swimming, boating,

استمتاع                 تمارين         أشكال    أخرى                        التزلج      كرة المضرب

tennis, racquetball, skiing and many other forms of exercise and relaxation are

رحلات             الاستمتاع                  التعليم          يربط                                     متاح       بسهولة

readily available. We have also combined education and enjoyment with trips to

مراكز         طبيعة             متاحف         مهرجانان                   مجاورة

nearby zoos, art festivals, museums and nature centres.

3. Scanning for specific information

Read the brochure again and answer the questions 1-12. Choose a, b, c or d.

1. What is said about Indiana University?

d. It is situated in a beautiful spot.

2. Apparently, in order to get on-campus accommodation…

a. students must fill out a campus housing application form.

3. Students interested in finding off-campus accommodation…

b. can start looking for apartments on the Internet.

4. According to the passage, students staying on campus…

a. can also take the bus to class.

5. What does the writer say about the university’s teaching staff?

d. They help students improve their English.

6. Apparently, the IEP is meant for somebody who…

c. comes from a non-English speaking country.

7. In Level Seven, students…

b. can choose from a number of courses offered.

8. According to the passage, after completing the IEP…

c. students have the necessary background to attend a university/college in the US.

9. Students on the IEP…

b. have access to lots of entertainment.

10. To be admitted to the IEP, students…

c. must have completed their secondary education.

11. Courses in computer skills and the World Wide Web are available…

c. only for students at the last two levels.

12. Information on living expenses and tuition fees...

a. is available to students on application.            

*****************************************

4. Guessing the meaning of unknown words

Look at the following words highlighted in the text and choose the correct meaning a, b or c.

1. foundedأسس

a. discovered               b. established              c. known

2. admittedيسمح

a. agreed               b. promoted               c. allowed to joinيسمح

3. adjust toيتكيف مع

a. get used toيعتاد على               b. change               c. cater to

4. browsingيتصفح

a. searchingيبحث عن               b. putting               c. choosing

5. readilyبسهولة

a. willingly               b. easily              c. frequently

*************************************

1. Words easily confused

excellence التميز( أفضل شيء )

qualityالجودة( ذا جودة عالية )            

Perfectionاكتمال الشيء و اتمامه باتقان

1. This supermarket provides qualityat very reasonable prices.

2. Doctor James works at a hospital which is considered a centre of
excellence in medicalresearch.البحث الطبي

3. Hala cooked the casserole toperfection .

Lastlyأخيرا- في  النهاية – في الختام

at lastفي آخر  ...

at leastعلى الأقل             

last but not leastتستخدم عند انهاء كلمة او خطبة )أخيرا و ليس آخرا )

4. Andlast but not least , I’d like to thank my parents for always helping me out when I needed it.

5. I know we’ve run out of milk, but at lastwe have some yoghurt.

6. At last, it’s time to go home!

7. I switched off the lights, closed the windows and LastlyI locked the front door and left.

*************************************

celebrationاحتفال بمناسبة مثل حفل التخرج             

ceremonyحفل رسمي أو له طقوس معينة مثل حفل الزواج- مولود             

festivalمهرجان احتفالي يقام بانتظام مثل الجنادرية

8. Do you know what time the sports awards ceremonyis tomorrow?

9. This weekend, there is going to be an art festival ; we should go.

10. The whole family is gathering at my grandparents’ house for the celebration.

*************************************

Academicاكاديمي- دراسي             

intellectualمفكرين ( اناس يهتموا بالثقافة و العلوم )

studiousمواظبعلى المذاكرة

11. He’s a(n) studiousyoung man, so he should do well at high school.

12. The school usually has a celebration at the end of the Academicyear.

13. The room was full of professors, scientists, teachers and other intellectualpeople.

*************************************

campus الحرم الجامعي ( كل المكان الذي توجد به الجامعة )

dorm السكن الجامعي- بيت الطلاب

premisesمبنى و الأرض المحيطة به

14. He doesn’t have to travel far to get to lectures because he lives on campus .

15. The police arrived quickly and escortedيخرجthe man off the premises .

16- If you have problems with that Maths problem, come to my dormand we can study together.

*************************************

authenticمعتمد / مصدق عليه من جهة حكومية / رسمية

accurate   دقيق بلا اخطاء و لا عيوب

factualمتعلق بالحقائق و الواقع

17. Rania didn’t get a good mark for her essay as it had quite a few factualerrors.

18. All the experts concluded that the painting wasn’t a(n)authenticPicasso.

19. My watch wasn’t as accurate as I thought and I ended up being fifteen minutes late.

*************************************

2. Phrasal verbs (go)

1-go ahead withstart doingيبدأ في عمل شيء

2-go onb. continueيستمر

3-go throughsufferيمر بـ/ يعاني من

4-go overexamineيتفحص – يختبر شيء

5-go withe. matchيتوافق مع – يناسب

6-goes offexplodeينفجر

*************************************

3. Nouns ending in -ant and –ent

B. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in capitals.

Verb

Noun

Verb

Noun

consultيستشير

contestينافس

assist يساعد

applyيتقدم لعمل

consultant مستشار 

contestant منافس

assistant مساعد

applicantمتقدم للعمل

immigrateيهاجر

serveيخدم   

correspondيستجيب

resideيستقر – يقيم

immigrantمهاجر

servantخادم

correspondentمراسل

residentمقيم

1. He works as aconsultantfor a large computer firm.

2. Do you know how manycontestant will take part in the competition?

3. The project requires a lot of work, so you definitely need to find anassistant.

4. We have to interview over 300applicantfor this job!

5. There were thousands ofimmigrant who came to the US through Ellis Island.

6. He has worked as a politicalcorrespondent for BBC formany years.

7. Jared was a loyal servantto the company for all the years he worked there.

8. Only residents are allowed to park their cars in the city centre.

passive forms

Tense

Passive

The Present Simple Tense

Every- always – usually

Sometimes – rarely – never

أي تعبير عن الشيء المعتاد

                       am

            O. +       is       +       V3

                        are 

The Past Simple Tense

Last- yesterday – ago – in the past – once – in 1990

أو ما يدل على الماضي

                       was

O. +                 +       V3

                       were 

The Present Continuous

Now = at the moment

At present – look ! listen!

                       am

            O. +      is        +  being    +    V3

                       are

The Past Continuous

While بينما - whenعندما

أو ما يعبر عن الاستمرار في الماضي

                       was

            O   +                  + being    +    V3

                       were

The Present perfect

Already – yet – since for

So far – ever- never

have

             O  +                   +   been   +     V3

                       has

The Past Perfect Tense

Before – after – by

             O   +   had         +   been   +   V3

Future - Modal Verbs

Next – tomorrow – soon later – in the future

                          will – can

            O   +      have to          +    be   +   V3

                          be going to

-ing form

I hate people staring at me.

I hate being stared at

الخلاصة :

1-اذا كانت الجملة تبدا بالمفعول أو بها كلمة by و بعدها الفاعل اختر واحدا مما يلي :-

Am-is-are-was-were + V3- جملة بها  being – been – be

لاحظ ان التصريف الثالث ياتي بعد v.to be – being – been – be في حالة بدء الجملة بالمفعول

Choose the right answer :-

1-Every car engine……………… thoroughly .

a-is checked              b- checks              c- has checked              d-will check

2-The flat …………..next week .

a-will decorate       b-was being decorated      c- will be decorated         d- decorate

3-Cars ……………………here .

a-mustn’t park              b-mustn’t be parked              c-won’t parkd- shouldn’t park

4-The harvest  …………………… by farmers .

a-is going to collect        b-will collect      c-is going to be collected         d-may collect

5-All the lights ……………………….. off before I went to bed.

a-turned              b- were turning             c-had been turned                     d- had turned

6-Many people …………………… to the wedding .

a-invite                  b-have invited                      c-were invited                    d-will invite

7-All the questions ……………… on the paper.

a-will answer          b-must answer            c-have to answer        d-must be answered

8-When he returned home, he found that all his money…………… stolen.

a-had been                       b-had                         c- is                                 d- will be

19-Hamad ………………… at the party last night.

a-is not seen                   b- hasn't seen         c- didn't see                 d- wasn't seen

10-A nice story ……………. to the child.

a-was told                       b-told                       c-is telling                     d-was telling

11-The arrangement for the party ……………… tomorrow.

a-will discuss            b- may discuss         c-will be discussed     d- will be discussing

12-The chairs……………….. out into the garden at the moment.

a-are being carried      b- are carrying         c-were carrying           d-will be carried

13-He had an accident and …………………… to hospital .

a-took                           b-takes                     c-has taken                   d-was taken

14-The Egyptian cotton ……………………. to different countries.

a-is exported               b- exports                    c- exported                   d- is exporting

15-This room …………………… slept in for years.

a-hasn’t                        b-hasn't been              c-hadn't                         d- aren’t

15-The article ……………………read by the boy now .

been                            b-is beingc-going to                        d-has to

*********************تمارين الكتاب ص11*******************

Active

passive

is to increase

must have earned

have gone on to pursue

have combined

was founded

is known

may be recommended

are located

B. Read the examples below and complete the rulesthat follow.

Active

passive

We saw Peter drive away.

They heard Sally screaming.

They made him tell the truth.

I won’t let you do it.

Peter was seen to drive away.

Sally was heard screaming.

He was made to tell the truth.

You won’t be allowed to do it

• Verbs of perception (see, hear, watch, smell, feel, notice) are followed by a bare infinitive or an –ingform in the active Voice, but in the passive Voice they are followed by a full infinitive or an -ing form.

• The verb make is followed by a bare infinitive in

the activeVoice, but in the passiveVoice it is followed by a full infinitive.

• The verb let + bare infinitive changes to be allowed +full infinitive in the Passive Voice.

*******************************************

Therefore, for the past fifty years students (teach) have been taught over great distances using wireless technology. Until 2003, classes (conduct) were/had been conducted using shortwave radio, after which most schools (decide) decided to switch to the Internet.

Nowadays, each student (get)getsa one-hour group or individual lesson from the teacher and the rest of the day (spend)is spentworking through the assigned material. In the past students (receive)received their course materials and returned their written work using the Royal Flying doctor service. However, the Internet has meant students’ homework can (review)be reviewed more rapidly. As the children(isolate)are isolated, School of the Air is their first chance to socialize with other children outside their immediate family. Three to four gatherings (held)are held every year wherechildren (travel)travel to theschool to spend a week with their teacher andschoolmates. The Alice Springs School of the Air has 160 students spread over 1,300,000 square kilometres and (know) is known as the ‘World’s Largest

Classroom’. Tourists can visit the Alice Springs School and observe live classes or they may be shown

********************************************

vocabulary & grammar

1-turn in go to bedيذهب للفراش

2-turned down refuse an offerيرفض عرض

3-turned up arriveيصل

4-turned….. over give something to the authoritiesيسلم للسلطات

5-turned out prove to beيثبت أنه

2. COMPOUND NOUNS

الاسم المركب :- هو اسم مكون من اسمين منفصلين أو متصلين  يستخدم الجزء الأول كوصف للجزء الثاني

لاعب كرة القدم                    آلة الوقت                          رف الكتب                 متحف الحروف الهجائية

alphabet museum              Bookshelf              time machine               football player

              خزان الماءالنشرة الجوية                         مركز الشرطة                  كتاب التاريخ

history book              police station              weather forecast              water tank

toothache              tooth paste                police station               bed room 

                 جدول                                دراجة نارية                    طالبة                                باص المدرسة

school bus              schoolgirl              motorbike               timetable

1. We had to go to the police station to report thatour shop had been robbed.

2. According to theweather forecast it will rain tomorrow.

3. We just bought a new waterbed ; youwouldn’t believe how restful a sleep you get on it.

4. The school bus is late again; we’ll miss the first hour!

5. I went to the dentist’s yesterday because I had terrible toothache.

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Grammar

عند تحويل جملة بها …say- know – believe – think الى المبني للمجهول   نبدأ كما يلي

It is said / known / thought + thatنكمل الجملة بلا تعيير

فاعل الجملة الثانية + is said / known / thought + to + المصدر

People believe that he is very rich. 

It is believed that he is very rich.

He is believed to be very rich.

اذا كان افعل في الماضي :-

ان بدانا ب It is said / known / thought +  that نحول الجملة الثانية طبقا لما سبق .

ان بدانا بفاعل الجملة الثانية و كان الفعل في الماضي البسيط يتحول الى have been +v3

They say that the French founded this town in the 17th century.

Itis said that this town was founded by the French in the 17th century

This town is said to have been founded by the French in the 17th century

They say that the locals built this bridge last year.

It is said that this bridge was built by the locals last year.

This bridge is said to have been built by the locals last year.

عند  التحويل الى المبني للمجهول نحذف ضميرالوصلوv.to be

This photograph, which my brother took, won first prize in the competition.

This photograph, (which was) taken bymy brother, won first prize in the
competition.

Examination Practice

Read the text below and complete the gaps. Use only one word in each gap.

Home schooling

Home schooling maybe  many children’s dream, but it’s already true for agreat/ largenumber of children around the world. Thousands of children aged six tosixteen in the UK are educated at home by their parents or someone more experienced, like a teacher. Learning at home has its advantages. For example, children don’t have a strict timetable and they can spend more time doing subjects that appeal totheir interests. Also, many kids feel that they have more free time to learn one more foreign language, take up a sport and even go overtheir homework more often. However, learning at home is not always as easy as you might think. Some

children find it difficult to concentrate at home, as there are so many other things going on. Others miss being with other people their age and feel lonely.

In conclusion, home schooling may turn out to be a great experience for a child or it may turn into a nightmare. It really all depends on the student’s personality and needs.

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B. Read the text and complete the blanks with the correct form of the words in capitals.

Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Sinan al-Battani al-Harrani

Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Sinan al-Battani al-Harrani was an astronomer, astrologer and mathematician born around 858 C.E. in Harran. His father, Jabir Ibn San’an al-Battani, who was also a well-known scientist, gave him his first education.

Battani then moved to Raqqa, which is located on the Euphrates River, to continue

his education.

He was a very studious man and made the most of his observations andmathematical investigations in Raqqa.

He is responsible for a number of important discoveries in astronomy. One of his greatestachievements was determining with remarkable accuracy that the solar year is 365 days, 5 hours,46 minutes and 24 seconds.

In addition , he determined the length of the seasons, accurately calculated several orbitsof the moon and planets and also came up with an interesting theory to determine the conditions ofvisibility of the new moon.

His most important work is his zig, or set of astronomical tables which greatly influenced European astronomy.

Without doubt, his contributions to astronomy and trigonometry forever changed

thedevelopment of these two sciences. The practical applicationof his theories has furtherenhanced our understanding of mathematics and astronomy.

The modern world has honoured him by naming a region of the moon after him.

Unit  2

Pleasure to meet you

        طريقة          هل يوجد                       توجد     فعليا     الغرباء        الكون                      بمفرده

Are we alone in the universe? Do aliens really exist? And if so, is there any way to

  فقط                      القرون                                                                      الانسان        يتواصل معهم

contact them? Mankind has been asking these questions for centuries, but it is only

                          تطورات              تكنولوجية           سريعة      الفائدة                       العقود         الحالية

in recent decades, with the benefit of rapid technological advancements, that

             فكرة          بالرغم من         اجابات     بعض                  يحاول                                      العلماء                     

scientists have been able to attempt to get some answers. Although the idea of

         الاستكشاف   تستحق                    مثير للجدل                   سكان الكواكب الاخرى            التواصل

communicating withextraterrestrials is a controversial one, it is worth exploring, if

                 نعيش                         الكون            الغامض                         الفضول             نشبع

only to satisfy our curiosity about the mysterious universe in which we live.

           القرن                                     الذروة      وصلت                                              اعجاب

Our fascination with extraterrestrials reached a peak in the nineteenth century,

                                   الموضوع           نشرت                   مقالات                             عدد من

when a number of books and articles were published on the subject. Many scientists

  حتى                 توجد    أشكال    الحياة الخارجية         اقنعت                                       الفلكيين

and astronomers of the time were convinced that alien life forms existed;someeven

مخترع       فرنسي      الكواكب    الأخرى        الحياة   علامات

claimed that they had seen signs of life on other planets. French inventor, Charles

المريخ           لاحظ                    أضواء                 اقتنعت                 على سبيل المثال

Cros, for example, was convinced that the lights he’d observed on Mars (which were

كبرى               وجود                 تعني            الشمس            مضاءة           السحب

probably clouds illuminated by the sun) indicated the existence of a major city. Cros

تدفع         الحكومةالفرنسية          يقنع            يحاول      

spent most of his life trying to persuade the French government to pay for the

اشارات    ارسال     مستخدمة                                  مرآة       ضخم                        بناء

construction of an enormous mirror which would be used for sending signals to the

عكس          المريخ          رمال                     رسائل     تحرق                   خطته

Martians. His plan was to ‘burn’ messages into the sand on Mars by reflecting

                    مع ذلك              الحكومة                            كوكب                  سطح                 ضوء الشمس

sunlight on to the surface of the planet. The French government, however, was not

يبني                                                                يعمل                فكرة                      مقتنعة

convinced that Cros’s idea would work and did not give him the money to build the mirror.

    أساليب            العلماء              حقيقة        أصبح      السفر     الجوي       القرن                             خلال

During the twentieth century, space travel became a reality and scientists’ methods

                                     متقدمة                                                                          التواصل مع

of ‘communicating’ with extraterrestrials became more sophisticated. In 1972, NASA

                             أطلقت                      ادارة                  الفضاء             و الطيران               الوطنية

(the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the US) launched an

    حملت     مركبة الفضاء              المجموع الشمسية                                 تسمى                    غير مأهولة

unmanned spacecraft called Pioneer 10into the solar system. The spacecraft carried

           البشري               مخططات                              

with it a gold plaque, the Pioneer Plaque, which featured diagrams of thehuman

                                   الهدف                     المجموعة الشمسية           موقع الارض

body and of the Earth’s position in the solar system.The purpose of the plaque was

فصائل           ذكية                       الجنس البشري            معلومات          أساسية        

to communicate some basic information about humankind to any intelligent species that might come across the spacecraft.المركبة الفضائية

                                                النظام الشمسي                     مسبارين          أطلقت

In 1977, NASA launched two probes into the solar system,Voyager 1 and Voyager 2,

متصل بـ                 زحل             المشترى               معلومات            أكثر   تجمع                                    

in order to gather more informationabout Jupiter and Saturn. Attached to the

تصور – تمثل        صور             أصوات       تحتوي على     سجل   ذهبي                مسبار

probes was a gold record containing sounds and images representative of life on

أنشيء              السجل                                            مثل    الأرض

Earth. Like the Pioneer Plaque, the record was created with a view to

مسبارين           أشكال الحياة   الغرباء     عالمنا                             معلومات     

communicating information about our world to alien life-forms. Both probes will

الشمس       الاقرب       النجم           سنتوري   ألفا        تصل                                       تستغرق

take about 40,000 years to reach Alpha Centauri, the star nearest the sun, and it will

استقبلوها                                  

probably take that long for extraterrestrials to receive the record, if they receive it at all.

سكان الكواكب الأخرى               تواصل                      محاولة       هامة                            ربما

Perhaps the most significant attempt at communication with extraterrestrials was

تم بثها                            رسالة           بالراديو

the 1974 ‘Arecibo Message’. This was a radio message that was transmitted into

                             بورتو ريكو       تقع في                        تليسكوب             

space using the Arecibo radio telescope which is located in Puerto Rico.The message

                                          أشياء                 بين          أظهرت              صور           مكونة من

was composed of images which showed, among other things, the numbers one to

الرسالة             المجموعة الشمسية                              شكل

ten, the structure of DNA, the figure of a man and the solar system. The message

استمر      البث                                      تسمى       مجموعة              موجهة

was directed at a star cluster called M13, and the transmission lasted about three

الأرض      من      بعيدة                   نجوم

minutes. Unfortunately, the M13 cluster of stars is so far away from Earth that it

وجهتها                 تصل          الرسالة                                          تقريبا

will take approximately 25,000 years for the message to reach its destination, so we

قريبا                       استجابة      تستقبل

won’t be receiving a response any time soon!

مؤسسة         الذكاء                                        البحث عن                          اليوم 

Today, it is the SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) Institute in the US that

تأسست                            الكون                   حياة أخرى           البحث عن

continues the search for other life in the universe. Since it was founded in 1984, the

تشمل            مشروعات    بحث           هامة                                      بدأ

SETI Institute has initiated a number of significant research projects, including

منخرط في     أصبحت           الفرصة              

SETI@home, which gives the general public the opportunity to become involved in

برنامج       مجاني           تحمّل                                  

the search for extraterrestrials. All you have to do is download the free software

مرتبط بـ                غير مستخدم                                                     موقع

from the SETI@home website and, when your computer is not in use (but connected

          موجودة   الآلة             من       تم بثها       معلومات            

to the Internet), the software will collect data transmitted from a device located

           البحث               أعضاء           أرسلت                      المعلومات       التليسكوب

near the Arecibo telescope. The data will then be sent tomembers of the research

استقبلت                     الاشارة         اذا ما          تحدد                       تحلل

team so that they can analyze it and determine whether a signal has been received from extraterrestrials.

            الغرباء               الاتصالات             تستقبل         حتى الآن               جهود      أفضل           بالرغم من

In spite of our best efforts, we have yet to receive a communication from aliens, but,

دائما                         توجد       كواكب                       ايجاد              امكانية

while the possibility of finding life on other planets exists, there will always be the

اتصال      تصنع                    تستمر             الدافع

motivation to continue to try to make contact.

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3. Reading for specific information

Read the article again and answer the questions 1-7 below. Choose a, b, c or d.

1. What does the writer mean by the phrase ‘our fascination with extraterrestrials reached a peak’ in line 10?

a. People were interested in aliens more than ever before.

2. Why did CharlesCros want to build an enormous mirror?

c. He wanted to communicate with Martians.

3. How long have people been sending messages to outer space in the hope of contacting extraterrestrials?

b. since the 1970s

4. Pioneer 10

b. had no astronauts.

5. What will happen in about 40,000 years?

d. Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 will get to Alpha Centauri.

6. Why isn’t a reply to the Arecibo Message expected in the near future?

d. The distance the message has to cover is extremely long.

7. By downloading SETI@home software, personal computer users can

a. assist in the search for signals from alien life-forms.

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4. Guessing the meaning of unknown words

1-rapidسريع quick

2-illuminated مضاء lit up

3-sophisticatedمتطور  advanced

4-representativeنموذجي typical

5-clusterمجموعةgroup

6-determineيقرر decide

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Vocabulary

1. Words easily confused

peak الذروة

height ارتفاع الشيء عن سطح البحر

topالطابق الأعلى – أعلى شيء في مكان

1. It’s impossible to get through on the phone at this time of day because it’s thepeak hour.

2. It takes me only one minute to climb to the topfloor of the building using the stairs.

3. From thisheight , you can see the ocean.

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notice يلاحظ – يلفت انتباهه لشيء

remark يعطي ملاحظة عن شيء أي يقول رأيه

observeيراقب حدوث شيء ليرى الخطأ فيه  او يفعل مثله

4. I’m supposed to observe the surgeon so that I can see how the operation is done.

5. Did you notice which way the red car went?

6. John remarked that my room was a mess, which was actually quite rude of him.

signal اشارة لاسلكية – جسدية محددة  -

sign لافتة تنبيهية مكتوبة مثل لافتات الطرق

symbolرمز أو صورة تعبر عن شيء

gestureأحد تعبيرات الوجه او الايماءات ذات المعنى

7-I’m sorry, I didn’t see the stopsign .

8-Give me thesignal when you’re ready to leave.

9-When you make this i n my country, it means that you’re bored.

10-The dove is a symbolof peace.

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location موقع الشيء- الشخص – مكان وجوده( متغير )

position وضع جسدي معين

site موقع ثابت لا يتغير

spotبقعة من الأرض

11-My neck hurts today, so I must have slept in a strange positionlast
night.

12-The locationof the submarine is top secret.

13-The Valley of the Butterflies is a well-known beauty spoton the island and attracts many tourists.

14-The archaeological sitedates back to the Bronze Age.

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transfer يحول مال – شيء الى شيء اخرمختلف

transmit ينقل بث – ارسال – أمراض

transportينقل أشخاص عبر وسائل المواصلات

15. They are very careful about hygiene, so as not to transmit diseases from one person toanother.

16. Will you please tell me how to transferthe money to my bank account?

17. There is a bus that will transportyou to the swimming pool, if you like.

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