موضوع بالانجليزي عن الماء
تعبير عن الماء بالانجليزي قصير وسهل
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موضوع بالانجليزي عن الماء


WATER, VITAL ELEMENT
Water is the main constituent of the human body. The amount of water in the body varies throughout life.
- It decreases with age due to loss of muscle mass. Thus, the water body weight of a newborn is 74% and it decreases to 50% for a man and 47% for a woman from 50 years.
The average amount of water in an adult organism is 65%, which corresponds to about 45 liters of water for a 70 kg athlete.

- It is more important in people who are lean or of normal build because the adipose tissue contains less water than the muscles: 30% for the fat mass (adipose tissue) against 73-75% for the lean mass (muscles).

- Men have a higher water body weight than women because of a generally lower average body fat.



WATER, ITS ROLES IN ORGANIZATION
Water is essential to ensure the different metabolic functions of the human body.

- Thermoregulation
Maintains a constant temperature inside the body by absorbing heat and then releasing it as sweat.

- Transport and excretion system
       Transport of nutrients, hormones and enzymes in the blood;
       Transport of oxygen to the cells.
        Excretion of metabolic waste in the urine.

- Chemical reactions
Intervenes in many chemical reactions and especially in the glycolysis necessary for the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate - the energy used for muscle contraction).

- Composition of joints and organs
Water participates in the lubrication of joints (synovia) and organs of the digestive system (mucus and saliva).



The body constantly losing water - between 2.5 and 3 liters per day - through the exercise of its normal functions, it must be replaced to keep the body healthy. Ironically, the feeling of thirst appears as the body has already begun to dehydrate. That is why it is very important to drink water often, without waiting to be thirsty. At the moment one begins to feel thirsty, the body has already dehydrated from 0.8% to 2% of its weight.
These are some of the many roles water plays in body functions:
• Water and your brain
The cellular tissues of your brain are composed of 85% water. When you are not well hydrated, your brain may be the first to feel the effects, with headaches, lack of concentration and a reduction in your ability to memorize in the short term. Even your ability to calculate and your psychomotor dexterity can be reduced. This is because dehydration reduces the level of energy production in the brain. Studies have shown that an individual's ability to concentrate decreases gradually as soon as the body is subject to a water deficiency of 1 to 2%.
• Water and your blood
Blood is 95% water. It is the water that transports the nutrients to the cells of your body and eliminates waste. When you are dehydrated, the mechanism that regulates blood pressure will not work properly which can lead to an increase in blood pressure.
• Water and your skin
The skin is the largest organ of the human body. It is made up of 70% water. Every day we lose water through evaporation through the skin. The environment in which we live, with air conditioning and heating, low humidity, soaps and other cleaners, can damage the upper layers of the epidermis and reduce its ability to maintain a level of hydration suitable. If you do not drink enough to compensate for the water your body loses, your skin becomes dry. Moisturizing creams can cure the symptoms, but the simplest solution is still to hydrate from the inside by drinking a glass of water.
• Water and your cells
Every cell in your body needs water to function properly. On average, one person consists of 50 to 75% water, 2/3 of which are transported by the cells. If there is not enough water in the body these cells can not effectively perform their roles, such as transporting nutrients and disposing of waste.
• Water and your bones
The bones are composed of 22% water on average. It is always the water that ensures the flexibility of the movements of the joints. The cartilage at the end of each bone contains water to lubricate the movements of your joints. When they are well hydrated, both surfaces slide well together, when they are dehydrated, the danger of friction increases which can cause the deterioration of the joints and cause conditions such as osteoarthritis.
• Water and your heart
The heart is 77% water. Clinical studies have shown that proper hydration can improve the way your heart works and thus reduce the risk of developing heart disease.
• Water and your kidneys
The kidneys are composed of 80% water. Their function is to eliminate the waste that the body produces, this waste is dissolved in water. When the body runs out of water, the waste is not removed effectively, which can damage the kidneys. The National Kidney Research Foundation recommends drinking 2 liters of water a day to reduce the risk of kidney stones.
• Water and your liver
The liver is 73% water. Its function is to transform body fat into usable energy. But if the liver is forced to help the kidneys in their functions because of insufficient water intake, the body will store extra fat when they would have been burned if enough water had been consumed.
• Water and your lungs

Your body needs water to breathe. A person loses between ½ and 1 liter of water a day just by breathing. The lungs are 80% water. To absorb oxygen and remove carbon dioxide our lungs must be permanently moistened. Dehydration can make breathing more difficult.


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