اجزاء الميكروسكوب ووظائفها بالانجليزي
اجزاء المجهر الضوئي
المجهر الضوئي
المجهر الضوئي واجزائه
المجهر الضوئي المركب واستخداماته
اجزاء المجهر الالكتروني
اسماء اجزاء المجهر
مميزات المجهر
انواع المجهر
أجزاء المجهر الضوئي
مجهر ضوئي • مجهر إلكتروني • مجهر إلكتروني
ماسح •
مجهر مسح
نفقي المِجْهَر الإلكتروني (بالإنجليزية : Electron microscope
المجهر - الترجمة إلى الإنجليزية -
مكونات أجزاء المجهر الضوئي المركب المجهر و أنواعه
و أجزاؤه
اجزاء الميكروسكوب بالانجليزي
المجهر الضوئي واجزائه
المجهر الضوئي المركب واستخداماته
اجزاء المجهر الالكتروني
مميزات المجهر
انواع المجهر
microscope parts and functions
لمجهر الضوئي المركب انجليزي
اجزاء المجهر الضوئي المركب ووظائفها
المجهر الضوئي المركب واستخداماته
مكونات المجهر الضوئي
اجزاء الميكروسكوب ووظائفها بالانجليزي
مميزات المجهر
انواع المجهر
فوائد المجهر
التصويرالميكروسكوبي الإلكتروني
Microscope Parts and Features
A microscope allows a user to look at objects that are too small to
be noticed by the naked eye. It consists of several parts.
Scope
The scope is what people use to look at the object. It acts like a
magnifying glass to see the object itself.
Lens
The lens focuses the scope on the object. Typically, the lens is
interchangeable to allow more focused viewing.
Slide
The slide is the panel in which the observed object is located. The
slide is generally made of glass.
Coarse Tuning Knob
The coarse adjustment button allows the user to move the
application field up and down to help target the item.
Fine Tuning Knob
Like the coarse adjustment knob, the fine adjustment knob moves the
field of application up and down, but on a slower scale, allowing for
near-perfect focusing.
Lamp
The lamp allows the object to be easily seen by the scope.
Construction of the microscope
From bottom to top :
• mirror: used to reflect ambient light to illuminate the sample
from below, in the case of a transparent sample (eg a thin slide in biology or
geology, or a liquid);
• A source of artificial light with a better color temperature and
stability and by the use of a condenser which allows this light to fill the
observed field in a homogeneous and regular manner and, above all, the
mechanical details of the light source (turns of the filament of the bulb). The
illumination source may be more elaborate and comprise an independent case,
possibly in polarized or ultraviolet light, in order to bring out certain
chemical properties of the material, or to illuminate the sample over it (in
particular in metallurgy)
• diaphragm: variable diameter opening to restrict the amount of
light that illuminates the sample. As for a camera, the diaphragm mainly allows
to vary the depth of field (fully open for histological sections and more
closed for digestive parasite eggs);
• specimen stage: where the specimen is placed; the
"valets" serve to hold the sample when the sample is thin (eg, a
slide). The plate can be moved (left-right and front-back), allowing the sample
to be scanned and the observed part to be selected;
• lenses: lens or set of lenses making the magnification. There are
usually several lenses, corresponding to several magnifications, mounted on a
barrel. Some lenses are called immersion because their power can only be
achieved by eliminating the air space between the sample covered by the lamella
and the frontal of the objective. For this purpose, cedar oil or synthetic oils
are used whose refractive index is close to that of glass.
• fast and micrometric focusing; for the image to be sharp, the
object must be in the focal plane of the objective; these wheels raise and
lower the objective-ocular assembly with a rack-and-pinion system in order to
bring the focal plane over the area of the sample to be observed;
• eyepiece: lens or set of lenses forming the image in a relaxing
manner for the eye; the rays arrive parallel, as if they came from very far,
which allows a relaxation of the muscles controlling the crystalline lens; two
eyepieces placed on a so-called binocular head makes observation more
comfortable (even if it does not bring stereoscopic vision).
The eyepiece can be replaced by a camera, or - in the case of video
microscopy - by a video camera or CCD camera for digital acquisition. This
makes it possible to observe on a video monitor (television screen) and to
facilitate the use and processing of images (printing, computer processing,
telemedicine, etc.).
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