اجزاء الميكروسكوب ووظائفها بالانجليزي

اجزاء الميكروسكوب ووظائفها بالانجليزي

اجزاء المجهر الضوئي

المجهر الضوئي

المجهر الضوئي واجزائه

المجهر الضوئي المركب واستخداماته

اجزاء المجهر الالكتروني

اسماء اجزاء المجهر

مميزات المجهر

انواع المجهر

 أجزاء المجهر الضوئي

‏مجهر ضوئي • ‏مجهر إلكتروني • ‏مجهر إلكتروني ماسح •

 ‏مجهر مسح نفقي  المِجْهَر الإلكتروني (بالإنجليزية   : Electron microscope

المجهر - الترجمة إلى الإنجليزية -

مكونات أجزاء المجهر الضوئي المركب المجهر و أنواعه و أجزاؤه

اجزاء الميكروسكوب بالانجليزي

المجهر الضوئي واجزائه

المجهر الضوئي المركب واستخداماته

اجزاء المجهر الالكتروني

مميزات المجهر

انواع المجهر

microscope parts and functions

لمجهر الضوئي المركب انجليزي

اجزاء المجهر الضوئي المركب ووظائفها

المجهر الضوئي المركب واستخداماته

مكونات المجهر الضوئي

اجزاء الميكروسكوب ووظائفها بالانجليزي

مميزات المجهر

انواع المجهر

فوائد المجهر

 التصويرالميكروسكوبي الإلكتروني

Microscope Parts and Features

A microscope allows a user to look at objects that are too small to be noticed by the naked eye. It consists of several parts.

Scope

The scope is what people use to look at the object. It acts like a magnifying glass to see the object itself.

Lens

The lens focuses the scope on the object. Typically, the lens is interchangeable to allow more focused viewing.

Slide

The slide is the panel in which the observed object is located. The slide is generally made of glass.

Coarse Tuning Knob

The coarse adjustment button allows the user to move the application field up and down to help target the item.

Fine Tuning Knob

Like the coarse adjustment knob, the fine adjustment knob moves the field of application up and down, but on a slower scale, allowing for near-perfect focusing.

Lamp

The lamp allows the object to be easily seen by the scope.

Construction of the microscope

From bottom to top :

• mirror: used to reflect ambient light to illuminate the sample from below, in the case of a transparent sample (eg a thin slide in biology or geology, or a liquid);

• A source of artificial light with a better color temperature and stability and by the use of a condenser which allows this light to fill the observed field in a homogeneous and regular manner and, above all, the mechanical details of the light source (turns of the filament of the bulb). The illumination source may be more elaborate and comprise an independent case, possibly in polarized or ultraviolet light, in order to bring out certain chemical properties of the material, or to illuminate the sample over it (in particular in metallurgy)

• diaphragm: variable diameter opening to restrict the amount of light that illuminates the sample. As for a camera, the diaphragm mainly allows to vary the depth of field (fully open for histological sections and more closed for digestive parasite eggs);

• specimen stage: where the specimen is placed; the "valets" serve to hold the sample when the sample is thin (eg, a slide). The plate can be moved (left-right and front-back), allowing the sample to be scanned and the observed part to be selected;

• lenses: lens or set of lenses making the magnification. There are usually several lenses, corresponding to several magnifications, mounted on a barrel. Some lenses are called immersion because their power can only be achieved by eliminating the air space between the sample covered by the lamella and the frontal of the objective. For this purpose, cedar oil or synthetic oils are used whose refractive index is close to that of glass.

• fast and micrometric focusing; for the image to be sharp, the object must be in the focal plane of the objective; these wheels raise and lower the objective-ocular assembly with a rack-and-pinion system in order to bring the focal plane over the area of the sample to be observed;

• eyepiece: lens or set of lenses forming the image in a relaxing manner for the eye; the rays arrive parallel, as if they came from very far, which allows a relaxation of the muscles controlling the crystalline lens; two eyepieces placed on a so-called binocular head makes observation more comfortable (even if it does not bring stereoscopic vision).

The eyepiece can be replaced by a camera, or - in the case of video microscopy - by a video camera or CCD camera for digital acquisition. This makes it possible to observe on a video monitor (television screen) and to facilitate the use and processing of images (printing, computer processing, telemedicine, etc.).