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bermuda triangle
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The Bermuda Triangle is an imaginary geographical area1 of
the Atlantic Ocean, which, according to legend, was the scene of a large number
of missing ships and aircraft. Nevertheless, this legend is based mainly on
erroneous, embellished or misinterpreted information and not on clear evidence,
since the triangle does not present statistically any anomalies1,2,3. According
to a World Wide Fund for Nature report in 2013, the Bermuda Triangle is not
among the most dangerous places for navigation3.
Zoned
The geographical area represented by the Bermuda Triangle
is very fluctuating according to the narratives reported and the considerations
of the writers who described the mysteries related to this geographical area.
According to the authors, the area varies from 500,000 to 1.5 million square
kilometers2, which affects the number of disappearances reported there.
It was in February 1964 that Vincent Gaddis in an article
called "The Deadly Bermuda Triangle", defined in the pulp magazine
Argosy, the geographical area that covers the Bermuda Triangle2. This area is
located within a triangle formed by the Bermuda, Miami and San Juan archipelago
in Puerto Rico.
However, this geographical area is not recognized by the
United States Board on Geographic Names2.
The "mystery" challenged [edit | change the code]
In 1975, the American librarian Lawrence David Kusche
resumed all the testimonies on the subject. His book, The Bermuda Triangle
Mystery Resolved, shows, in particular, that a large number of disappearances
took place in places other than the Bermuda Triangle, and that the works on
this subject were mostly about speculation, if not inventions and falsehoods,
to maintain the pretended mystery.
The Naval Board of Inquiry, which studied the disappearance
of bombers in 1945, did not notice any inexplicable fact and did not mention
any of the radio transmissions reported by Charles Berlitz in his book on the
Bermuda Triangle. The planes, lost on mission, would in fact have been victims
of a fuel failure and could not communicate because of the too great distance
that separated them from their base. As for the missing ships, they would have
been caught in storms or victims of manufacturing defects that caused them to
sink without a trace. According to Kusche, all disappearances, far from being
mysteries as some authors claim, can easily be explained in terms of
meteorological conditions, technical problems or natural accidents (gas,
corals, etc.).
The reported number of disappearances is not particularly
high, taking into account the following factors:
• the area (nearly 4 million km2);
• the importance of maritime traffic in the area;
• the magnitude of methane hydrate deposits and tectonic
activity in the region;
• weather conditions, chaotic and unpredictable in these
latitudes.
Several alleged shipwrecks have subsequently proved to be
mere mystifications. For some, the mystery remains to be clarified. For others,
there is no mystery, except perhaps the spread of the legend on the basis of
such thin facts.
A documentary broadcast in 2003 by the National Geographic
channel17 does not mention any particular anomaly measured in this area, except
for a slight decrease in the terrestrial magnetic field. On the other hand, it
reminds us that there are the most violent storms of the globe, sometimes with
waves of villains eight meters and higher. With respect to Vol 19, it is the
hypothesis of a navigation error of the instructor, formed in the Keys and
having confounded the topography of the areas flown over with them to the point
of believing that his magnetic compass was which is retained as the most
likely. The planes moved away from the coast thinking they were headed in the
right direction and probably fell. The fact that the aircraft had landed far
from the coast explains why they were never found.
In 1975, the Lloyd's insurance firm in London indicated
that the "Bermuda Triangle" was no more dangerous than other
international shipping routes18. In 2006, insurance companies do not consider
it necessary to increase their premiums for ships or planes driven through this
area.
In popular
culture
• In the Saint Seiya manga, General Dragon of the Seas
(Kanon of Gemini), guardian of the North Atlantic pillar, uses a technique
called the Golden Triangle in reference to the opium triangle in order to send
his opponent in a parallel dimension.
• In the One Piece manga, at the end of the Water Seven
arc, old Kokoro tells Luffy and his teammates that they will have to cross a
very dangerous area for boats, the "Florian Triangle". It is assumed
that this is the boat of Captain Corsair Gecko Moria: Thriller Bark. But it
would seem that there were disappearances prior to the arrival of Gecko Moria
and his "island-boat" Thriller Bark
• In the Cobra manga, the space pirate, in history the
inter-dimensional race, the Bermuda triangle is constructed an
inter-dimensional tunnel by the company GR motors.
• David Copperfield has titled one of his numbers
Bermuda Triangle, in which he "reappears" a boat that had sunk in
this area.
• In the video game Monkey Island 2: The Chuck's
Revenge, Captain Dread evokes the "forbidden triangle" and other
forbidden areas with more or less complex geometric shapes when one clicks in
the water on his map.
Movies
• Rob Letterman's Gulliver's Travel, released in 2011,
talks about an inverted vortex in the middle of the Bermuda Triangle that would
bring the famous kingdom of Lilliput.
• The mystery of the Bermuda Triangle, a horror film
shot in 1978 by Mexican director René Cardona Jr. (1939-2003): a team of
researchers plunges into the Bermuda triangle in search of a mysterious sunken
city. There followed a series of endless misfortunes and the members of the
expedition die one after the other.
• Triangle (telefilm, 2005) British-American three-part
telefilm directed by Craig R. Baxley
• Christopher Smith Triangle, released in 2009.
• In The Addams Family, a 1991 film, Fetide Addams was
missing for 25 years following his trip to the Bermuda Triangle.
• The Castaways of the 747 in which an airplane loses
altitude and flows to the bottom of the Bermuda Triangle.
• Percy Jackson: The Sea of Monsters, released in 2013, Sea of Monsters is the
Bermuda Triangle. Charybdis would be the cause of the disappearance of ships
and aircraft.
• Bermuda Triangle: Is the mystery solved ?,
mini-documentary made in 2017 and broadcast on France 219.
TV shows
• Wonder Woman. In the pilot episode, the paradise
island shelters amazons in the heart of the Bermuda Triangle.
• X-Files: The Triangle episode (Episode 3, Season 6) is
based on the Bermuda Triangle as the main theme of the episode. The proposed
theory is that of a temporal fault.
• How I Met Your Mother (Season 5, Episode 03) (Season
8, Episode 23), Marshall evokes the sidewalk in front of their building as a
Bermuda Triangle. Indeed, when they (Marshall and Ted) want to get rid of
something, it is there that they deposit it and the object in question
disappears as by enchantment.
• The Cruise Life of Zack and Cody on Disney Channel
(Season 2, episode 12: "The Bermuda Triangle") is the birthday of
Zack and Cody and everyone regrets not being the only child. The ship of the SS
Tipton should cross the Bermuda Triangle.
• Lisa Code (Season 4, Episode 26: "Strangers in
Paradise"), Chett vows to be teleported to an island in the Bermuda
Triangle, which will prevent Lisa from using his powers, electricity.
• Ratz, the cargo passes through the Bermuda Triangle.
Extraterrestrial rats then land on the ship.
• Albatz 78 by Leiji Matsumoto, episode 7 is devoted to
the Bermuda Triangle. The mysterious disappearances in this zone could be
explained by the presence of a submarine pyramid Sylvidre emitting a strong
magnetic field that attracts planes and boats by the bottom20.
• A minute before proposing a comic explanation for
disappearances.
• The Wizards of
Waverly Place.
• Fringe (Season 1, episode 20: "The Crossroads of
the Worlds") Walter Bishop says that this area is one of the many
"porous" areas that make it possible to move from one world to
another.
• Futurama, (season 6, episode 21), the Planet Express
team must cross the "Bermuda Tetrahedron".
• NCIS: Special Investigations, (Season 9 Episode 18),
Abby refers to the Bermuda Triangle by showing a model of it to explain one of
his research.
• Scooby-Doo and his friends make a cruise across the
Bermuda Triangle, where they are captured by ghost pirates.
• Quantum code (season 4 episode 16: Panic on board)
Scott Bakula (Sam Beckett) finds himself obliged to fly over the Bermuda
triangle to avoid the death of a passenger.
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