Organic Amendments
gaia green organic amendments
the role of organic amendments in soil reclamation a review
role of organic amendments on enhanced bioremediation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils
a review of the use of organic amendments and the risk to human health
suppression of soilborne fungal diseases with organic amendments
suppressing soil-borne diseases with residue management and organic amendments
composting with additives to improve organic amendments. a review
carbon and nitrogen mineralization rates after application of organic amendments to soil
enhancing soil quality and plant health through suppressive organic amendments
soil organic amendments how much is enough
The availability of organic amendments is based on the combined elements of timing, quantities and qualities of these amendments. The timing is related to the mode of application and appropriate seasonal application to crops, vegetables and fruit trees.
The quantities of field applications of organic amendments is measured in m3 or tons/acre or hectar. Such amounts are sizable under arid soil conditions to produce the required response especially under desert soil conditions. In Egypt such quantities vary in a range of 20-30 tons/acre for vegetables and goes up to 70-80 tons per acre to cultivate bananas!!
The quality of organic amendments in terms of being well composted or co-composted, as well as, being devoid of pathogenic agents, seeds of weed and pollutants require efficient preparations which in itself might require weeks or even months.
To convert all areas under irrigation (which produce 70% of the agricultural commodities in the Arab Region) to organic farming would require huge amounts of organic amendments. In Egypt if we calculate the rates based on amendment of the present rates of application of organic fertilizer (which is still a common practice whenever organic amendments are available) to achieve true organic farming requirements all year round then the total organic amendments required will exceed 200 million tons/year. Compared to the amounts potentially available from varied sources of organic amendments (FYM, composting agricultural wastes, composting agro-industrial wastes, treatment of appropriate urban wastes …etc.) there will be still a large deficit of about 40 percent. Data from other countries of the Region show similar deficits.
Such situation calls for adoption for proper policies of allocation, conservation, and development of sources of organic amendments in relation to adopting appropriate farming systems and proper agronomic practices.
Among the other important factors that should be taken into consideration is the means of collecting wastes, adoption of appropriate processing, and composting at varied scales at appropriate centers, local administrative units and onfarm facilities. Transportation and storage means should be taken into consideration. Last but certainly not least, are the social behavior and attitude, as well as, economic considerations.
With respect to biofertilizers, other factors should be taken into consideration including the following:
With respect to biofertilizers, aside from legume seeds inoculation, the use and application of multistrain biofertilizers and N-fixing non symbiotic systems are of limited use due to several factors including lack of farmers' knowledge, limited amounts produced. The production of these biofertilizers are carried mainly by governmental institutions and research centers. In many cases the success and performance of bacterial strains under laboratory conditions are not realized under field conditions characterized by different stresses. The potency of selected strains should be isolated from field rhizosphere and potency verified under stress conditions. Private institutions and firms should participate in the production of these important biofertilizers with ensuring proper handling and storage.
gaia green organic amendments
the role of organic amendments in soil reclamation a review
role of organic amendments on enhanced bioremediation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils
a review of the use of organic amendments and the risk to human health
suppression of soilborne fungal diseases with organic amendments
suppressing soil-borne diseases with residue management and organic amendments
composting with additives to improve organic amendments. a review
carbon and nitrogen mineralization rates after application of organic amendments to soil
enhancing soil quality and plant health through suppressive organic amendments
soil organic amendments how much is enough
The quantities of field applications of organic amendments is measured in m3 or tons/acre or hectar. Such amounts are sizable under arid soil conditions to produce the required response especially under desert soil conditions. In Egypt such quantities vary in a range of 20-30 tons/acre for vegetables and goes up to 70-80 tons per acre to cultivate bananas!!
The quality of organic amendments in terms of being well composted or co-composted, as well as, being devoid of pathogenic agents, seeds of weed and pollutants require efficient preparations which in itself might require weeks or even months.
To convert all areas under irrigation (which produce 70% of the agricultural commodities in the Arab Region) to organic farming would require huge amounts of organic amendments. In Egypt if we calculate the rates based on amendment of the present rates of application of organic fertilizer (which is still a common practice whenever organic amendments are available) to achieve true organic farming requirements all year round then the total organic amendments required will exceed 200 million tons/year. Compared to the amounts potentially available from varied sources of organic amendments (FYM, composting agricultural wastes, composting agro-industrial wastes, treatment of appropriate urban wastes …etc.) there will be still a large deficit of about 40 percent. Data from other countries of the Region show similar deficits.
Such situation calls for adoption for proper policies of allocation, conservation, and development of sources of organic amendments in relation to adopting appropriate farming systems and proper agronomic practices.
Among the other important factors that should be taken into consideration is the means of collecting wastes, adoption of appropriate processing, and composting at varied scales at appropriate centers, local administrative units and onfarm facilities. Transportation and storage means should be taken into consideration. Last but certainly not least, are the social behavior and attitude, as well as, economic considerations.
With respect to biofertilizers, other factors should be taken into consideration including the following:
With respect to biofertilizers, aside from legume seeds inoculation, the use and application of multistrain biofertilizers and N-fixing non symbiotic systems are of limited use due to several factors including lack of farmers' knowledge, limited amounts produced. The production of these biofertilizers are carried mainly by governmental institutions and research centers. In many cases the success and performance of bacterial strains under laboratory conditions are not realized under field conditions characterized by different stresses. The potency of selected strains should be isolated from field rhizosphere and potency verified under stress conditions. Private institutions and firms should participate in the production of these important biofertilizers with ensuring proper handling and storage.
gaia green organic amendments
the role of organic amendments in soil reclamation a review
role of organic amendments on enhanced bioremediation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils
a review of the use of organic amendments and the risk to human health
suppression of soilborne fungal diseases with organic amendments
suppressing soil-borne diseases with residue management and organic amendments
composting with additives to improve organic amendments. a review
carbon and nitrogen mineralization rates after application of organic amendments to soil
enhancing soil quality and plant health through suppressive organic amendments
soil organic amendments how much is enough