برزنتيشن عن عمان
في الماضي والحاضر
Oman about to become the Switzerland of
the Middle East?
Unlike other Gulf petro-monarchies, the
Omani Sultanate did not join Saudi-led Arab coalition against Houthi rebels in
Yemen. A true political choice in perfect conformity with the position of
neutrality that the Sultanate wishes to occupy.
The apparent neutrality adopted by Oman
in the conflict in Yemen is not a first in the history of the sultanate. During
the first Gulf War between Iran and Iraq (1980-1988), the Sultanate of Oman had
already been careful not to take a position. While Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and
Bahrain had sided with Iraq, the Sultanate of Oman had chosen to adopt a
neutral attitude towards the two protagonists. The Sultan Qaboos had even pronounced
at the time for a lifting of the embargo and the return of Iraq in the bosom of
golf diplomacy .
Upon his accession to the throne in 1970,
Sultan Qaboos had given the the From Oman's diplomacy : "
No mimicry, no leap into the unknown, but pragmatism and empiricism
(...).Independence and sovereignty are the keys to Oman's foreign policy. Drawing on the consequences of the British
occupation and the influence of the outside powers, the Sultan has repeatedly
stated that he does not want Oman to be involved. in the conflicts between great powers "Or that it is" put at the service of the interests of other
countries ".
Today, Oman is the only Gulf
petro-monarchy not to be engaged alongside Riyadh in the Arab coalition against
Houthi rebels in Yemen. Hasni Abadi , political scientist, specialist of the
Arab world and director of Cernam , specifies that " Oman did not oppose the Riyadh-led coalition
but decided not to be part of it to preserve harmony between the Ibadi and
Sunni communities, and its role as a broker of peace ", The sultan fearing the presence of
collateral damage. Trigane Yegavian , Middle East specialist for the Conflicts
Review, justifies Oman's attitude that "
the country's security is a top priority ". The strategic vision of Oman's
diplomatic policy is therefore explained by the presence of internal and
external interests. Apart from the fear of a destabilization of the country
linked notably to difficulties of community order, the proximity of the
sultanate with Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Iran makes it possible to envisage the
contours of its foreign policy. Oman has common borders with Saudi Arabia and
Yemen, and shares with Iran the Strait of Hormuz. Also, for Mr.Yegavian ,
" the small state's foreign policy
traditionally follows a logic of non-alignment, of non-engagement in regional
conflicts ". Already, in 2011,
Oman « did not want to send troops to
Bahrain to quell the popular protest
".
Close economic links
The " Oman's non-participation in the offensive
against Yemen is part of the same logic of independence He adds. As part of the Arab coalition, the
Sultanate of Oman continues his own
autonomous way at the risk of crushing Riyadh
".
Vis-à-vis Yemen, Oman seems to pursue the
strategic vision defined by Sultan Qaboos in 2002 during his speech to the
annual meeting of Oman. The latter insisted on the presence of ties of friendship uniting Oman and
Yemen ". The Sultan therefore
opposed the establishment of an armed intervention supporting the policy
defined by the UN, stating that "
negotiations are still the only option to resolve the Yemeni crisis And thus inviting all parties and all member states to avoid
taking measures that would undermine the unity, sovereignty, independence and
territorial integrity of Yemen ".
Behind this apparent desire to ease
tensions in the Middle East, the stabilization of regional balances would allow
Oman to satisfy its economic and strategic interests. By not taking part in the
international coalition, the Sultanate of Oman spares Iran with which it has
developed economic cooperation. Yes "
Oman considers Iran a strategic threat to the region ", he prefers " manage the threat by fostering strong
working relations with Tehran, illustrated by the implementation of close
economic ties According to Thomas
Flichy , specialist on the Iranian question. Iran and Oman co-manage the Strait
of Hormuz, which equates to 40 % of world
oil exports. Oman is increasing its military cooperation with Iran to protect
access to the Strait of Hormuz. In Oman, in March 2014, " Iranian President Hassan Rohani is said to
have signed a cooperation agreement that calls for Iran to deliver 10 billion
cubic meters of gas for 25 years »,
According to Trigane Yegavian . This project would be concretized by the construction of a gas pipeline connecting
the Iranian deposits to the port of Sohar and the construction of several
petrochemical platforms ".
Safe links
Apart from the economic aspect, Oman -
member of the Gulf Cooperation Council - wishes to develop " safe links with the riparian countries of
the Persian Gulf According to Thomas
Flichy .The sultanate displays the will of
neutralize threats to regional stability ", According to Yégavian , posing in
particular in" privileged
interlocutor between the United States and Iran ".
As a mediator and peacemaker on the
international scene, Oman has brilliantly displayed the outlines of its
diplomatic policy with regard to Iran's nuclear power. At the initiative of the
secret talks between Americans and Iranians, the Iran nuclear agreement
concluded on July 14, 2015 induces for the Sultanate positive spin-offs, international
influence According to Yégavian .
But the specificity of Oman's politics is
mainly related to the personality of Sultan Qaboos . The latter, aged 76, has
suffered for several months, according to his entourage, a cancerous disease
that could be fatal. Will his successor then assume the same political choices?
Oman rescues Yemeni refugees
The Sultanate of Oman shares a common
border on the east and has been redefined following the 1992 negotiations with
Yemen. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR),
on July 14, 000 have fled Yemen to
Djibouti, Somalia, Saudi Arabia or the Sultanate of Oman, which is estimated to
be around 25 000. The profile of Yemeni
refugees seems difficult to establish due to lack of information in the region.
On the face of it, according to the UNHCR survey, the refugees are of various
nationalities, Egyptian, Indonesian, Bangladeshi, Western and Yemeni.Faced with
the growing instability in the Yemeni country, the Sultanate of Oman has
decided to open two border crossing points on its border, which until then
remained confidential. Discreet about its foreign, humanitarian and security
policy, the Sultanate of Oman however intends to strengthen the control
measures on delimited crossing points. The authorities are worried that the
influx of refugees will destabilize the Sultanate's domestic policies, given
the conflicts surrounding the Dhofar region in the 1970s.
برزنتيشن عن عمان في الماضي والحاضر
مقارنة بين الهاتف في الماضي والحاضر بالانجليزي
بحث حول الجزائر بين الحاضر و الماضي
بين الماضي و الحاضر
مقارنة بين البيوت في الماضي والحاضر
المغرب بين الماضي والحاضر
تعريف الماضي والحاضر
مقارنة بين البيوت القديمة والحديثة بالانجليزي
العادات والتقاليد بالانجليزية
سلطنة عمان بين الماضي والحاضر
طلب تعبيـر إنجليزي عن الفرق بين الحياة في الماضي و الحاضر
برجراف عن عمان بالانجليزي | مواضيع باللغة الانجليزية
عمان ..ذاكرة الماضي واتساع الحاضر
مقارنة بين البيوت في الماضي والحاضر
الفرق بين السكن في الماضي والحاضر
تعبير عن الماضي والحاضر
مقارنة بين التعليم في الماضي والحاضر بالانجليزي
مقارنة بين الهاتف في الماضي والحاضر بالانجليزي
القرية بين الماضي والحاضر
بحث حول السكن في الماضي والحاضر
الفرق بين الطعام في الماضي والحاضر
الفرق بين الحياة في الماضي والحاضر بالانجليزي
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