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information about canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America. A federal constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system, composed of ten provinces and three territories, the country is bordered on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, on the north by the Arctic Ocean and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. The United States is the only border country to the south and northwest. Canada's land territory covers 10 million square kilometers, making it the second largest country in the world after Russia3. In 2016 it has about 36 million inhabitants4 and is thus the 37th most populous country in the world. The territory contains more than 31,700 lakes, 5 making Canada the country's largest freshwater reserve6,7. The official languages ​​at the federal level are English and French. The federal capital is Ottawa and the currency is the Canadian dollar.

The first occupants of the Canadian territory were the Amerindians, whose migrations date back to about 15,000 years ago9 during the last glaciation that dropped the ocean level and created a land bridge linking Eurasia to America, enabling them to is installer10.

Provinces [edit | Change the code]

• Alberta

•       British Columbia

• Prince Edward Island,

• Manitoba

• New Brunswick

•       New Scotland

• Ontario

• Québec City and Area

• Saskatchewan

• Newfoundland and Labrador

Territories [edit | Change the code]

• Nunavut

•       Northwest Territories

• Yukon

Canada occupies most of the northern portion of North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean to the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and north to the Arctic Ocean. It shares a common land border with the United States to the south, and another with the United States to the northwest (between Alaska and the Yukon as well as northern British Columbia). It also shares a maritime boundary with France (Saint Pierre and Miquelon) and Denmark (Greenland). Since 1925, Canada has been claiming that portion of the Arctic between the 60ºO and 141ºO meridians; However, this claim is not universally recognized. The northernmost settlement in Canada and the world is located in Alert, Nunavut, Canadian Forces Base, at the top of Ellesmere Island (latitude 82.5ºN - 834 kilometers - 450 nautical miles - North Pole ). Canada is the largest country in the world after Russia.

Toronto

Toronto is the largest city in Canada in front of Montreal and the capital of the province of Ontario. The city is located on the northwest shore of Lake Ontario. With more than 2.5 million people, 126 Toronto is the fifth largest city in North America. In 2006,5 113,149 people lived in the Greater Toronto Area and 8.1 million in the Golden Crescent (Golden Horseshoe) megalopolis. Toronto is Canada's largest financial and economic center and the second largest in North America. The capital of Ontario has a stock exchange called the Toronto Stock Exchange (abbreviated to TSX). Most mining companies issue shares in this stock exchange, as well as oil and gas companies. The TSX is the world leader in stock exchanges in these two categories. As of August 2012, the TSX had more than 1,577 registered companies, with a total capitalization of CAN $ 1,989,562,971,807.

Montreal

Montréal is the metropolis of Quebec. The city is located on an island whose area reaches 500 km2. The island is located between the Prairie River (north) and the St. Lawrence River (south). It is a major center of commerce, industry, culture, finance and international affairs. Montreal hosted the 1967 Universal Exhibition and the 1976 Summer Olympics. Montreal International Jazz Festival, Just For Laughs Festival, Heavy MTL, International Nights Festival of Africa, The Montréal High Lights Festival and the Formula 1 Grand Prix of Canada. Old Montreal was declared a historic district in 1964.

In the professional sporting world, Montreal is well represented. The Montreal Canadiens team in the NHL, the Montreal Impact soccer team in the MLS and the Montreal Alouettes in the CFL. The city once had an LMB team, the Montreal Expos.

Vancouver

Vancouver is a port city and the metropolis of Western Canada. It is the third largest Canadian agglomeration. Vancouver hosted the 2010 Winter Olympics. Professional sport is present in the city by the Vancouver Whitecaps team in MLS and the Vancouver Canucks team in the NHL.

Economy

Canada is one of the richest nations in the world, a member of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Group of Eight (G8). Canada has a market economy that is experiencing slightly more government intervention than the US economy, but much less than most European countries. Canada has historically had a lower per capita gross domestic product (GDP) than its neighbor to the south - although wealth is more equitably distributed, but higher than in the major Western European economies. From the 1990s onwards, thanks to successful state reform and rigorous state management (see Policy on rigor), inspired by the principles of economic liberalism, 130 the federal debt rose from 68.4 per cent of GDP In 1994 to 38.7% in 2004, following a series of budget surpluses; In parallel with the decline in the deficit, the share of federal government spending in GDP increased from 19% to 12%, with total government spending falling by about 10% between 1992 and 2004.131 The Canadian economy is experiencing a " Economic growth, with a high rate of growth and a low rate of unemployment. In 2008, Canada strongly resembles the United States in its market orientation in its economic system, its means of production, and its high standard of living. While in January 2008, Canada's national unemployment rate was at its lowest since 1974, at 5.8%, provincial unemployment rates ranged from 3.2% to 12.2%. The crisis hit the country in 2008 and unemployment reached 6.2% of the labor force in November according to the ILO132